Onion seed production | onion seed farming :- Soil and climate requirements :- Well drained medium to heavy soil. PH range of 6.5 to 7.5 are good for onion seed production. Flowering initiation in onion takes place at a comparatively cooler temperature(15 - 25 degree celcius). Higer temperature are favourable only for seed ripening and maturity. Low temperature at the time of bulb planting (nov - dec). Moderate temperature during stalk development, flowering and seed setting (january - feb). Warm temperature at seed maturity and drying (march - april). Field preparation and planting :- A deep ploughing and incorporation of well decomposed FYM @ 20t per hectare creates good soil tilth. Ridges and furrows are common planting method. Selection of mother bulb :- The 5m distance should be maintain from other onion field for avoiding contamination of bulbs of another variety. Harvest of rabi season already catches enough resting period, but the bulb harvested in kharif need to give a resting...
Benefits of silicon | beneficial effects of silicon (si) in agricultural crops :-
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Leaf erectness :-
Silicon give cell wall rigidity and Max Live erect due to this sunlight reaches all areas to the plant that make them to do more photosynthesis properly that's make more growth and higher yield.
Counteracts negative effect of high nitrogen supply :-
Silicon contracts negative effect of high nitrogen supply, due to high nitrogen application there is high vegetative growth of plants and plant becomes very heavy then plant lodging occurs ( mainly in rice) and also disease and pest attack becomes high when nitrogen fertilizer ( mainly urea) are high, so silicon stops the uptake of nitrogen when there is no need in plant.
Resistance to disease and pest:-
1.Produse more Lignin so that fungal infections are less.
2. Make a very thin Silicon layer into the leaf epidermal cell so that leaves become harder and pest can't sucks the SAP through injecting their mouthparts( needle like structure).
Controls abiotic stress:-
1. Silicon alliviate the abiotic stresses such as lodging, drought, UV radiations, high and low temperature, freezing, and rainfall.
2. Minimise the effect of strong wind( from lodging) because the leaves and stems of plants are become harder due to Silicon application.
3. Filters the UV rays coming from sun light( mainly in sunlight and paddy ) by biosynthesis of phenolic compound.
Enhance availability of internal phosphorus:-
when the movement of phosphorus in soil occurs then excess of iron(fe) and manganese(mn) stops the Phosphorus movement so this Silicon Stops the excessive uptake of iron and magnese and this enhances Phosphorus availability.
Alleviate the Magnus toxicity:-
Silicon oxidized Magnese, and hence this oxidised Magnese will can't taken by plants.
Also alleviate heavy metals toxicity such as zinc, aluminum, cadmium etc.
Reduces salt stress:-
(especially in rice) silicone blocks the transpiration path through which salt is taken (example sodium) .
Silicon also deposited in roots and inhibits the salt entry.
Several beneficial effect in rice and sugarcane:-
Rice:-
1.Silicon reduces brown crop hopper pest in rice.
2.reduces lodging in rice
Sugarcane:-
Silicone increases sweetness in sugarcane:- Silicon reduces activity of invertase enzyme in sugarcane due to this sucrose content increases does sweetness increases in sugarcane.
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